GEography oF jammu and Kashmir important For all competitive Exams......
Historical Account....
The Earliest administrative unit in jammu and Kashmir was known as " PARGANA"
DURING the dogra region the pargana's were recognised and name zilas and Tehsils. The zilas were further re designated as Wazarat s..
On the recommendations of sir Walter Lawrence, there were some re adjustment in the wazarat s in 1982...
The wazarat s were again recognised in 1951 , due to loss of huge territory of the state of Pakistan in 1947..
. Simultaneously, the nomenclature of wazarat s were also changed and re designated as districts. For administrative convenience the districts were sub divided into tehsils and niabats...
At present, the UT of jammu and Kashmir comprises of 20 Districts which are further subdivided into number of tehsils and blocks and panchayats, for administrative purpose....
Physiography of jammu and Kashmir....
1 The outer plains
2 the shivaliks.
3 the middle Himalayas.
4 the valley of Kashmir.
5 the Great Himalayas.
6 the plateau of ladakh...
The outer plains..
The alluvial plains of Ravi, tawi, and chenab river border the southern flank of jammu and Kashmir..
These plains from the parts of akhnoor, Ranbir singh pura ( R. S pura) , samba and kathua and constitute a part of the great plains of india...
These plains are located in the South of shiwalik hills.
Many hills streams called " Khads " Traverse these plains.
The outer plains vary in altitude from 325 350 meter they are highly fertile and many high yielding varieties of wheat and rice are grown here...
2 the shivaliks..
In the North of the outer plains lie the youngest mountain s of the sub continent called " Shivalik hills" ..
These mountain s are 20 -50 kms wide and 600 -1200 meters above the sea level.
Jammu city is located on the southern slope of shivaliks hills at an attitude of 366 meters above the sea level on the bank of river tawi..
Mansar and surinsar lake also lie in the mountains in the east of jammu and at a attitude of 600 meters
Southern slope of shivalik hills adjacent to the plains have an undulating pattern, these undulating slopes between Ravi and chenab rivers are called " Kandi"
In Between the shivalik hills are located many longitudinal valley s which are known as Duns. Some important duns are Basoli, Ramkot, sunderbani, and udhampur...
3 The Middle Himalayas..
The middle Himalayas are located between river Ravi in the east and poonch in the West and continues upto Muzaffarabad....
The average height is between 1820 to 2240 meters the middle Himalayas are about 10 to 60 km across.
They are covered by forests of Deodar ( cedrus) pine and fir.
Many of these important rivers of the state like Tawi, Basantar, and ujh arise from middle Himalayas...
The jammu srinagar national highway has been carved out through these mountains...
The sacred cave of vaishno devi is situated in middle Himalayas on trikuta hills.
In the part of jammu and Kashmir people generally earn their livelihood from forestry, cattle rearing and tourists industry....
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